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Resumen Introducción: el lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad sistémica que se ha asociado a mayor severidad con la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Particularmente la alta actividad de la enfermedad y algunos inmunosupresores se han vinculado a peores desenlaces. Objetivos: describir las características por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con LES en Argentina del registro SAR-COVID y establecer los factores asociados a peor desenlace de la misma. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de LES con infección confirmada por SARS-CoV-2 (RT-PCR y/o serología positiva) del registro SAR-COVID. Los datos se recolectaron desde agosto de 2020 hasta marzo de 2022. El desenlace de la infección se midió mediante la escala ordinal de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (EO-OMS). Se definió COVID-19 severo con un valor EO-OMS ≥5. Análisis descriptivo, test T de Student, test de Mann Whitney U, ANOVA, chi2 y Fisher. Regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: se incluyeron 399 pacientes, el 93% de sexo femenino, con una edad media de 40,9 años (DE 12,2). El 39,6% tenía al menos una comorbilidad. Al momento de la infección, el 54,9% recibía glucocorticoides, el 30,8% inmunosupresores y el 3,3% agentes biológicos. La infección por SARS-CoV-2 fue leve en la mayoría de los casos, mientras que un 4,6% tuvo curso severo y/o falleció. Estos últimos presentaban comorbilidades, usaban glucocorticoides y tenían síndrome antifosfolipídico (SAF) con mayor frecuencia y mayor actividad de la enfermedad al momento de la infección. En el análisis multivariado, la hipertensión arterial, el diagnóstico de SAF y el uso de glucocorticoides se asociaron a hospitalización severa y/o muerte por COVID-19 (EO-OMS ≥5). Conclusiones: en esta cohorte de pacientes con LES con infección por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada, la mayoría cursó de manera sintomática, un 22,1% fue hospitalizado y un 5% requirió ventilación mecánica. La mortalidad fue cercana al 3%. El diagnóstico de SAF, tener hipertensión arterial y el uso de glucocorticoides se asociaron significativamente con COVID-19 severo.

Abstract Introduction: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic disease that has been associated with greater severity with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Particularly high disease activity and some immunosuppressants have been linked to worse outcomes. Objectives: to describe the characteristics due to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with SLE in Argentina from the SAR-COVID registry and to establish the factors associated with a worse outcome of the same. Materials and methods: observational study. Patients diagnosed with SLE with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR and/or positive serology) from the SAR-COVID registry were included. Data was collected from August 2020 to March 2022. The outcome of the infection was measured using the World Health Organization - ordinal scale (WHO-OS). Severe COVID-19 was defined as an WHO-OS value ≥5. Descriptive analysis, Student's T test, Mann Whitney U, ANOVA, chi2 and Fisher. Multiple logistic regression. Results: a total of 399 patients were included, 93% female, with a mean age of 40.9 years (SD 12.2), 39.6% had at least one comorbidity. At the time of infection, 54.9% were receiving glucocorticoids, 30.8% immunosuppressants, and 3.3% biological agents. SARS-CoV-2 infection was mild in most cases, while 4.6% had a severe course and/or died. The latter had comorbidities, used glucocorticoids and had antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) more frequently and higher disease activity at the time of infection. In the multivariate analysis, high blood pressure, the diagnosis of APS, and the use of glucocorticoids were associated with severe hospitalization and/or death from COVID-19 (WHO-EO ≥5). Conclusions: in this cohort of SLE patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, most had a symptomatic course, 22.1% were hospitalized, and 5% required mechanical ventilation. Mortality was close to 3%. The diagnosis of APS, having high blood pressure, and the use of glucocorticoids were significantly associated with severe COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.47196/rar.v33i4.704

[SciELO Preprints] - Homemade masks in the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations, physical characteristics, disinfection and efficacy of use
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Sousa, Iago Torres Cortês de Pestana, Aylla Mesquita Pavanello, Larissa Franz-Montan, Michelle Cogo-Müller, Karina

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Publication date: 2021-06-22

Abstract: En Pt

Objective: To describe the recommendations, physical characteristics, methods of disinfection and the effectiveness of using homemade masks in reducing the transmission of COVID-19. Methods: Search was performed in the MEDLINE, SciELO and Google Scholar databases, in addition to the official recommendations for use. Results: 31 references were included. The filtration capacity of tissues varied between 5 and 98%. 100% cotton fabrics in two or three layers showed filtration efficiency between 70 and 99%, in vitro. Homemade masks, surgical and respirators showed breathability between 2.2 to 3.0 Pascal. The ability to reduce the spread of microorganisms by people wearing home masks was three times less than when using surgical masks, but it was superior to not wearing masks. Conclusion: The breathability of homemade masks may be adequate, while the filtration efficiency seems to be inferior to surgical masks, but superior to no mask use. There is no evidence to support the efficacy and effectiveness of homemade masks.

Objetivo: Descrever as recomendações, características físicas, métodos de desinfecção e eficácia de uso de máscaras caseiras na redução da transmissão da COVID-19. Métodos: Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE, SciELO e Google Scholar, além das recomendações oficiais de uso. Resultados: Foram incluídas 31 referências. A capacidade de filtração de tecidos variou entre 5 e 98%. Tecidos 100% algodão em duas ou três camadas apresentaram eficácia de filtração entre 70 e 99% em estudos in vitro. Máscaras caseiras, cirúrgicas e respiradores apresentaram respirabilidade entre 2,2 e 3,0 Pascal. A capacidade de redução da propagação de microrganismos por pessoas usando máscaras caseiras foi três vezes menor do que ao usar máscaras cirúrgicas, embora tenha sido superior ao não uso de máscaras. Conclusão: A respirabilidade de máscaras caseiras mostrou-se adequada, enquanto a eficácia de filtração parece ser inferior à das máscaras cirúrgicas, mas superior a não usar máscara. Não há evidências que respaldem a eficácia e efetividade das máscaras caseiras. 

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-49742021000400003

Máscaras caseiras na pandemia de COVID-19: recomendações, características físicas, desinfecção e eficácia de uso
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Sousa, Iago Torres Cortês de

; Pestana, Aylla Mesquita

; Pavanello, Larissa

; Franz-Montan, Michelle

; Cogo-Müller, Karina

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2021, Volume 30 N. 4 elocation e2020997

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Objetivo Descrever as recomendações, características físicas, métodos de desinfecção e eficácia de uso de máscaras caseiras na redução da transmissão da COVID-19. Métodos Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE, SciELO e Google Scholar, além das recomendações oficiais de uso. Resultados Foram incluídas 31 referências. A capacidade de filtração de tecidos variou entre 5% e 98%. Tecidos 100% algodão em duas ou três camadas apresentaram eficácia de filtração entre 70% e 99% em estudos in vitro. Máscaras caseiras, cirúrgicas e respiradores apresentaram respirabilidade entre 2,2 e 3,0 Pascal. A capacidade de redução da propagação de microrganismos por pessoas usando máscaras caseiras foi três vezes menor do que usando máscaras cirúrgicas, embora tenha sido superior ao não uso de máscaras. Conclusão A respirabilidade de máscaras caseiras mostrou-se adequada, enquanto a capacidade de filtração parece ser inferior à das máscaras cirúrgicas, mas superior a não se usar máscara. Não há evidências que respaldem a eficácia e efetividade das máscaras caseiras.

Abstract Objective To describe the recommendations, physical characteristics, disinfection methods and efficacy of the use of homemade face masks to reduce COVID-19 transmission. Methods We searched MEDLINE, SciELO, and Google Scholar, in addition to the official recommendations for the use of masks. Results Thirty-one references were included. Fabric filtration efficiency ranged from 5% to 98%. The filtration efficacy of three layered 100% cotton fabric face masks ranged from 70% and 99% in vitro studies. Homemade, surgical, and respirator masks showed breathability between 2.2 and 3.0 Pascal. The capacity to reduce the spread of microorganisms by people wearing homemade face masks was three times lower when compared to those wearing surgical masks, although this capacity was higher when compared to those who did not wear masks. Conclusion The breathability of homemade masks proved to be adequate, while the filtration ability seemed to be lower than that of surgical masks, but it was better than not wearing any masks at all. There is no evidence to support the efficacy and effectiveness of homemade masks.

Resumen Objetivo Describir las recomendaciones, características físicas, métodos de desinfección y efectividad de mascarillas caseras para reducir la transmisión de COVID-19. Métodos La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos MEDLINE, SciELO y Google Scholar, además de las recomendaciones oficiales de uso. Resultados Se incluyeron 31 referencias. La capacidad de filtración de los tejidos varió entre 5% y 98%. Los tejidos al 100% de algodón, en dos o tres capas, mostraron eficiencia de filtración entre 70% y 99%, en estudios in vitro. Mascarillas caseras, quirúrgicas y de respiradores mostraron respirabilidad entre 2,2 y 3,0 Pascal. La capacidad de reducir la propagación de microorganismos por personas que usan máscarillas caseras fue tres veces menor que cuando usaban mascarillas quirúrgicas, pero superior a no usarlas. Conclusión La respirabilidad de las mascarillas caseras puede ser adecuada, mientras que la eficiencia de filtración parece ser inferior a la de las mascarillas quirúrgicas, pero superior a no utilizar mascarilla. No hay evidencia que respalde su eficacia y efectividad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-49742021000400003

Máscaras caseiras na pandemia de COVID-19: recomendações, características físicas, desinfecção e eficácia de uso
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Sousa, Iago Torres Cortês de

; Pestana, Aylla Mesquita

; Pavanello, Larissa

; Franz-Montan, Michelle

; Cogo-Müller, Karina

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2021, Volume 30 N. 4 elocation e2020997

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-49742021000400003

Nursing assessment: the elaboration and development of a massive open online course
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Parulla, Cibele Duarte

; Galdino, Daniel Magno

; Dal Pai, Daiane

; Azzolin, Karina de Oliveira

; Cogo, Ana Luísa Petersen

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2020, Volume 41 N. spe elocation e20190199

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: Describing the stages of elaboration and development of a massive open online course on "Nursing Assessment". Method: Experience report of the construction of a free course, developed between 2015 and 2016 with the partnership of the School of Nursing and the Nucleus of Support to Distance Learning. The course was hosted on the Lúmina platform. Results: The construction of the course began in 2015 and the first edition was made available in September 2016, with 693 participants. The aim of the choice and elaboration of the material was to design an attractive and quality course for the community. The stages observed in its elaboration were choice of theme, course production, preliminary assessment and launching the first edition. Conclusions: The course has been shown to be a support for in-class teaching, as well as for the continuing education of health professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir las etapas de elaboración y desarrollo de un curso masivo, abierto y online sobre "Valoración de Enfermería". Método: Relato de experiencia de la construcción de un curso gratuito, desarrollado entre los años 2015 y 2016 con la asociación de la Escuela de Enfermería y el Núcleo de Apoyo a la Enseñanza a Distancia. El curso fue hospedado en la plataforma Lúmina. Resultados: La construcción del curso comenzó en 2015 y a la primera edición se puso a disposición en septiembre de 2016 con 693 inscritos. La preocupación en la elección y elaboración del material fue la de concebir un curso atractivo y de calidad para la comunidad. Las etapas observadas en su elaboración fueron la elección del tema, producción del curso, evaluación preliminar y lanzamiento de la primera edición. Conclusiones: El curso demostró ser un apoyo a la enseñanza presencial, así como a la educación permanente de los profesionales de la salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as etapas de elaboração e desenvolvimento de um curso massivo, aberto e online sobre “Avaliação de Enfermagem”. Método: Relato de experiência da construção de um curso gratuito, desenvolvido entre os anos de 2015 e 2016 com a parceria da Escola de Enfermagem e do Núcleo de Apoio ao Ensino a Distância. O curso está hospedado na plataforma Lúmina. Resultados: A construção do curso teve início em 2015 e a primeira edição foi disponibilizada em setembro de 2016 com 693 inscritos. A preocupação na escolha e elaboração do material foi a de conceber um curso atrativo e de qualidade para a comunidade. As etapas observadas na sua elaboração foram escolha do tema, produção do curso, avaliação preliminar e lançamento da primeira edição. Conclusões: O curso demonstrou ser um apoio ao ensino presencial, bem como à educação permanente dos profissionais da saúde.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190199 27 downloads

Nursing assessment: the elaboration and development of a massive open online course
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Parulla, Cibele Duarte

; Galdino, Daniel Magno

; Dal Pai, Daiane

; Azzolin, Karina de Oliveira

; Cogo, Ana Luísa Petersen

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2020, Volume 41 N. spe elocation e20190199

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190199 1042 downloads

Effects of chlorhexidine preprocedural rinse on bacteremia in periodontal patients: a randomized clinical trial
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Balejo, Rodrigo Dalla Pria

; Cortelli, José Roberto

; Costa, Fernando Oliveira

; Cyrino, Renata Magalhães

; Aquino, Davi Romeiro

; Cogo-Müller, Karina

; Miranda, Taís Browne

; Moura, Sara Porto

; Cortelli, Sheila Cavalca

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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dec 2017, Volume 25 N. 6 Pages 586 - 595

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: Single dose of systemic antibiotics and short-term use of mouthwashes reduce bacteremia. However, the effects of a single dose of preprocedural rinse are still controversial. This study evaluated, in periodontally diseased patients, the effects of a pre-procedural mouth rinse on induced bacteremia. Material and Methods: Systemically healthy individuals with gingivitis (n=27) or periodontitis (n = 27) were randomly allocated through a sealed envelope system to: 0.12% chlorhexidine pre-procedural rinse (13 gingivitis and 13 periodontitis patients) or no rinse before dental scaling (14 gingivitis and 15 periodontitis patients). Periodontal probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque, and gingival indices were measured and subgingival samples were collected. Blood samples were collected before dental scaling, 2 and 6 minutes after scaling. Total bacterial load and levels of P. gingivalis were determined in oral and blood samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction, while aerobic and anaerobic counts were determined by culture in blood samples. The primary outcome was the antimicrobial effect of the pre-procedural rinse. Data was compared by Mann-Whitney and Signal tests (p<0.05). Results: In all sampling times, polymerase chain reaction revealed higher blood bacterial levels than culture (p<0.0001), while gingivitis patients presented lower bacterial levels in blood than periodontitis patients (p<0.0001). Individuals who experienced bacteremia showed worse mean clinical attachment level (3.4 mm vs. 1.1 mm) and more subgingival bacteria (p<0.005). The pre-procedural rinse did not reduce induced bacteremia. Conclusions: Bacteremia was influenced by periodontal parameters. In periodontally diseased patients, pre-procedural rinsing showed a discrete effect on bacteremia control.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0112 2430 downloads

Casos de papel e role play: estratégias de aprendizagem em enfermagem
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Cogo, Ana Luísa Petersen

; Pai, Daiane Dal

; Aliti, Graziella Badin

; Hoefel, Heloísa Karnas

; Azzolin, Karina de Oliveira

; Busin, Lurdes

; Unicovsky, Margarita Ana Rubin

; Kruse, Maria Henriqueta Luce

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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dec 2016, Volume 69 N. 6 Pages 1231 - 1235

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo relatar a experiência de docentes de uma universidade pública da região Sul do Brasil na utilização de casos de papel e role play como estratégias de aprendizagem para o cuidado em enfermagem ao adulto hospitalizado. Método relato da experiência de aprendizagem adotada na disciplina de Cuidado de Enfermagem ao Adulto I do curso de Bacharelado em Enfermagem. Resultados a elaboração dos casos de papel considerou as necessidades de cuidado originadas pelo perfil epidemiológico da morbimortalidade das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, o processo de enfermagem como método para assistir, bem como os aspectos sociais dos indivíduos hospitalizados. O planejamento do role play fez-se pela criação de um cenário em laboratório de práticas e diálogos envolvendo a interação entre estudantes e professores. Conclusão os casos de papel e o role play instigaram os estudantes à busca ativa do aprendizado e aproximaram a teoria das situações reais de cuidado.

ABSTRACT Objective: to report professors' experience in a public university of Southern region of Brazil using case studies and role play as learning strategies for nursing care of hospitalized adults. Method: learning experience report from the Nursing Care of Adults I class of nursing undergraduate course. Results the development of case studies and role play considered health care needs from epidemiological profile of chronic noncommunicable diseases morbidity and mortality, nursing as an assisting method, and social aspects of hospitalized individuals. Role play planning was made by creating a stage in laboratory of practices and dialogues comprising students and professors interaction. Conclusion case studies and role play encouraged students to active search for learning and brought theory closer to real health care situations.

RESUMEN Objetivo contar la experiencia de docentes de una universidad pública de la región Sur de Brasil con el empleo de casos y ejercicios de modelado y de role play como estrategias de aprendizaje en el cuidado de enfermería al adulto internado. Método: narrativa experiencial de aprendizaje de la materia Cuidado de Enfermería al Adulto I, del curso de Enfermería. Resultados: para la elaboración de los casos y ejercicios de modelado se consideraron las necesidades del cuidado desde el perfil epidemiológico de la morbimortalidad de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, el proceso de enfermería como método para cuidar, así como los aspectos sociales de los sujetos internados. Para el role play se creó un escenario en laboratorio de prácticas y conservaciones, en que interactuaban profesores y alumnos. Conclusión: los casos y ejercicios de modelado estimularon el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y el acercamiento de la teoría a la práctica en situaciones reales de cuidado.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0277 14010 downloads

Casos de papel e role play: estratégias de aprendizagem em enfermagem
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Cogo, Ana Luísa Petersen

; Pai, Daiane Dal

; Aliti, Graziella Badin

; Hoefel, Heloísa Karnas

; Azzolin, Karina de Oliveira

; Busin, Lurdes

; Unicovsky, Margarita Ana Rubin

; Kruse, Maria Henriqueta Luce

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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dec 2016, Volume 69 N. 6 Pages 1231 - 1235

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0277 2 downloads

10.

In vitro effects of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil on growth and production of volatile sulphur compounds by oral bacteria
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GRAZIANO, Talita Signoreti

; CALIL, Caroline Morini

; SARTORATTO, Adilson

; FRANCO, Gilson César Nobre

; GROPPO, Francisco Carlos

; COGO-MÜLLER, Karina

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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dec 2016, Volume 24 N. 6 Pages 582 - 589

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective Halitosis can be caused by microorganisms that produce volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs), which colonize the surface of the tongue and subgingival sites. Studies have reported that the use of natural products can reduce the bacterial load and, consequently, the development of halitosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia on the growth and volatile sulphur compound (VSC) production of oral bacteria compared with chlorhexidine. Material and Methods The effects of these substances were evaluated by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) in planktonic cultures of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas endodontalis. In addition, gas chromatography analyses were performed to measure the concentration of VSCs from bacterial cultures and to characterize M. alternifolia oil components. Results The MIC and MBC values were as follows: M. alternifolia - P. gingivalis (MIC and MBC=0.007%), P. endodontalis (MIC and MBC=0.007%=0.5%); chlorhexidine - P. gingivalis and P. endodontalis (MIC and MBC=1.5 mg/mL). M. alternifolia significantly reduced the growth and production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by P. gingivalis (p<0.05, ANOVA-Dunnet) and the H2S and methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) levels of P. endodontalis (p<0.05, ANOVA-Dunnet). Chlorhexidine reduced the growth of both microorganisms without altering the production of VSC in P. endodontalis. For P. gingivalis, the production of H2S and CH3SH decreased (p<0.05, ANOVA-Dunnet). Conclusion M. alternifolia can reduce bacterial growth and VSCs production and could be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-775720160044 2305 downloads

11.

Effects of stress hormones on the production of volatile sulfur compounds by periodontopathogenic bacteria
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Calil, Caroline Morini

; Oliveira, Gisele Mattos

; Cogo, Karina

; Pereira, Antonio Carlos

; Marcondes, Fernanda Klein

; Groppo, Francisco Carlos

Brazilian Oral Research

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2014, Volume 28 N. 1 Pages 1 - 8

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Little is known about the effects of stress hormones on the etiologic agents of halitosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effects of adrenaline (ADR), noradrenaline (NA) and cortisol (CORT) on bacteria that produce volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), the major gases responsible for bad breath. Cultures of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas endodontalis (Pe), Prevotella intermedia (Pi) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) were exposed to 50 µM ADR, NA and CORT or equivalent volumes of sterile water as controls for 12 and 24 h. Growth was evaluated based on absorbance at 660 nm. Portable gas chromatography was used to measure VSC concentrations. Kruskal-Wallis and the Dunn post-hoc test were used to compare the groups. For Fn, ADR, NA and CORT significantly reduced bacterial growth after 12 h and 24 h (p < 0.05). All the substances tested increased hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production (p < 0.05). For Pe, all the substances tested reduced bacterial development after 24 h (p < 0.05), and NA significantly increased the H2S concentration after 12 h (p < 0.05). In the Pg and Pi cultures, no effects on bacterial growth were observed (p > 0.05). In the Pi cultures, ADR, NA and CORT increased H2S (p < 0.05). Catecholamines and cortisol can interfere with growth and H2S production of sub-gingival species in vitro. This process appears to be complex and supports the association between stress and the production of VSC.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2014.vol28.0008 4136 downloads

12.

Validation of the anti-bacteremic efficacy of an essential oil rinse in a Brazilian population: a cross-over study
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Cortelli, José Roberto

; Cogo, Karina

; Aquino, Davi Romeiro

; Cortelli, Sheila Cavalca

; Ricci-Nittel, Danette

; Zhang, Paul

; Araujo, Marcelo Werneck Barata de

Brazilian Oral Research

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oct 2012, Volume 26 N. 5 Pages 478 - 484

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This cross-over study was conducted to assess the germ-killing efficacy of an essential oil mouthrinse (EOM) by determining the blood levels of microorganisms associated with induced bacteremia and investigating the prevalence of this event in Brazilians with mild-to-moderate gingivitis. Thirty four (31.19%) subjects positive for bacteremia induced by chewing a ration of apple were enrolled out of 109 screened subjects (50 males and 59 females). A difference of at least 10 colony forming units between the pre- and post-insult blood samples was defined as a positive result. For the following two weeks patients underwent a toothbrush plus fluoride dentifrice normalization period, and were then scheduled for the Phase I protocol as follows. At baseline I, subjects were instructed to chew a new apple ration, had new blood samples taken before and after this oral stimulus, and were randomly assigned to an experimental essential oil (n = 17) or placebo (P) mouthrinse (n = 17) treatment for 2 weeks. These procedures were repeated at the end of Phase I and then followed by a two-week wash-out period (tooth brushing with fluoride dentifrice). Bacteremia was again induced at baseline and at the end of Phase II, when subjects were crossed-over to the other EOM or placebo groups. Bacterial count differences between baseline and 2-week post-treatment (EOM versus P) in the blood samples collected were assessed by analysis of covariance. Mean aerobic counts decreased by 45.8%, whereas mean anaerobic counts decreased by 63.3% after EOM treatment. After the P treatment, aerobic bacteria increased by 28.4% and anaerobic bacteria decreased by 18.5%. This study validated this novel methodology and showed that the germ-killing action of EOM significantly reduced bacteremia.

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13.

Oral streptococci growth on aging and non-aging esthetic restorations after radiotherapy
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Cruz, Adriana D. da

; Cogo, Karina

; Bergamaschi, Cristiane de C.

; Bóscolo, Frab N.

; Groppo, Francisco C.

; Almeida, Solange M. de

Brazilian Dental Journal

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2010, Volume 21 N. 4 Pages 346 - 350

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a formação do biofilme de Streptococcus mutans crescido em resina restauradora envelhecida e não-envelhecida, submetidas à radiação terapêutica. Sessenta e quatro discos do material restaurador Filtek Supreme foram divididos em 2 grupos: grupo envelhecido (AG) e grupo não-envelhecido (NAG) e cada grupo foi dividido em 4 sub-grupos: não-irradiado e irradiado com 10Gy, 35Gy e 70Gy. O biofilme de S. mutans UA159 foi produzido na superfície de ambos os discos AG e NAG. As unidades formadoras de colônia/mL (UFC/mL) foram avaliadas por ANOVA e teste de Tukey (α=0,05). O grupo AG demonstrou menores quantidades de UFC/mL que o grupo NAG antes da radiação e após a radiação de 10Gy (p<0,05). Os sub-grupos AG irradiados com 35 e 70Gy demonstraram aumento na quantidade de biofilme quando comparado aos não irradiados e irradiados com 10Gy (p<0,05). A exposição à radiação ionizante nas doses terapêuticas promoveu mudanças na aderência bacteriana no material restaurador.

The aim of this study was to examine Streptococcus mutans biofilm growth on both aged and non-aged restorative dental resins, which were submitted to therapeutic irradiation. Sixty-four disks of an esthetic restorative material (Filtek Supreme) were divided into 2 groups: aged group (AG) and a non-aged group (NAG). Each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups: non-irradiated and irradiated with 10Gy, 35Gy, and 70Gy. The biofilms were produced by Streptococcus mutans UA159 growing on both AG and NAG surfaces. The colony-forming units per mL (CFU/mL) were evaluated by the ANOVA and the Tukey LSD tests (α=0.05). AG presented smaller amounts of CFU/mL than the NAG before irradiation and after 10Gy of irradiation (p<0.05). AG irradiated with 35 and 70Gy showed increased amount of bacterial biofilm when compared to non-irradiated and 10Gy-irradiated disks (p<0.05). The exposure to ionizing radiation at therapeutic doses promoted changes in bacterial adherence of aged dental restorative material.

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14.

Colorimetric test for the monitoring of microcystins in cyanobacterial culture and environmental samples from southeast - Brazil
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Almeida, Vanessa P.S.

; Cogo, Karina

; Tsai, Siu M.

; Moon, David H.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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jun 2006, Volume 37 N. 2 Pages 192 - 198

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Microcistinas (MC) são heptapeptídeos de ação neuro e hepatotóxica produzidas por alguns gêneros de cianobactérias em determinadas condições físico-químicas do ambiente e são responsáveis pela morte e intoxicação de animais e humanos. A detecção de MC em água destinada ao consumo no Brasil ainda não é realizada na maioria dos estados brasileiros. O teste de inibição de proteína fosfatase tipo 1 (PP1) por MC é um método colorimétrico simples, rápido e de boa reprodutibilidade. Para testar a aplicação do teste PP1 foram realizados estudos de crescimento de cianobactérias em bioreator com meio ASM-1 dentro de condições controladas de crescimento (12/12h luz/escuro usando 30 miE.m².s-1 de intensidade luminosa e temperatura constante de 23C) utilizando Microcystis aeruginosa (estirpe 1., UFRJ- produtor de MC). Variaram-se as concentrações de fósforo (P) em 24, 6 e 4 miM e de ferro (Fe) em 4 e 1mM. Uma curva padrão de inibição de PP1 pela MC-LR foi construída, tendo como limite de detecção 0.01 ng.mL-1. Em meio normal de crescimento (24 miM P e 4 miM Fe) para Microcystis aeruginosa, a produção de MC foi detectada continuamente durante o crescimento da cultura. A maior concentração de MC foi observada na concentração de 6 miM P e não foi detectada na concentração de 1 miM Fe. Amostras de florações ambientais, da região sudeste do Brasil (Belo Horizonte/MG), coletadas em corpos d'água utilizados para abastecimento e consumo humano, foram testadas e quantificadas para a presença de microcistina pelo teste colorimétrico PP1. A concentração de microcistina variou entre quantidades não detectáveis pelo método até 100 ng.mL-1 em amostras de floração da espécie Microcistis flos-aquae.

Microcystins are hepatotoxic heptapeptides produced by some cyanobacterial genera under determined physico-chemical conditions in the environment, which are responsible for the intoxication and death of animals and humans. The detection of microcystins in potable water or recreational water is not carried out routinely in the majority of Brazilian states. The protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) inhibition test is a simple, rapid and reproducible colorimetric method. The applicability of the PP1 inhibition test was tested using Microcystis aeruginosa (strain 1, UFRJ- toxin producer) grown under controlled light and temperature condition (12/12h light/dark using 30 muE.m².s-1 at 23ºC) in a bioreactor. The total concentrations of P (24, 6 and 4 muM) and Fe (4 and 1 muM) were varied in ASM-1medium and their effects on the growth rates and toxin production were analyzed. A standard curve of PP1 inhibition by microcystin-LR reached detection limit of 0.01 ng.mL-1. Under the highest concentrations of P (24 muM) and Fe (4 muM), the production of microcystin was detected throughout the growth experiment. The highest concentration of microcystin was observed at 6 muM P while at 1 muM Fe, PP1 inhibition was not detected. Samples from environmental blooms in water reservoirs used for human and animal consumption, from southeast Brazil (Belo Horizonte/MG), were tested and quantified for microcystin presence by the PP1 colorimetric test. The concentration of microcystin varied from undetectable to 100 ng.mL-1 in the environmental samples with Microcistis flos-aquae as the predominant cyanobacterial strain.

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